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CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED
SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (1973)
As amended 1979, and provisionally at Gaborone 30 April 1983
With Appendices (I and II, 16 April 1995; III, 16 November 1995)
Entered into force 1 July 1975
PREAMBLE
The Contracting States,
Recognizing that wild fauna and flora in their many beautiful and varied
forms are an irreplaceable part of the natural systems of the earth which
must be protected for this and the generations to come; Conscious of the
ever-growing value of wild fauna and flora from aesthetic, scientific,
cultural, recreational and economic points of view; Recognizing that
peoples and States are and should be the best protectors of their own wild
fauna and flora; Recognizing, in addition, that international cooperation
is essential for the protection of certain species of wild fauna and flora
against over exploitation through international trade; Convinced of the
urgency of taking appropriate measures to this end; Have agreed as follows:
Article I DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of the present Convention, unless the context otherwise
requires:
a) "Species" means any species, sub-species, or geographically separate
population thereof;
b) "Specimen" means:
(i) an animal or plant, whether alive or dead;
(ii) in the case of an animal: for species included in Appendices I and
II, any readily recognizable part or derivative thereof; and for
species included in Appendix III, any readily recognizable part or
derivative thereof specified in Appendix III in relation to the
species; and
(iii) in the case of a plant: for species included in Appendix I, any
readily recognizable part or derivative thereof; and for species
included in Appendices II and III, any readily recognizable part or
derivative thereof specified in Appendices II and III in relation
to the species;
c) "Trade" means export, re-export, import and introduction from the sea;
d) "Re-export" means export of any specimen that has previously been
imported;
e) "Introduction from the sea" means transportation into a State of
specimens of any species which were taken in the marine environment
not under the jurisdiction of any State;
f) "Scientific Authority" means a national scientific authority designated
in accordance with Article IX;
g) "Management Authority" means a national management authority designated
in accordance with Article IX;
h) "Party" means a State for which the present Convention has entered into
force.
Article II FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
1. Appendix I shall include all species threatened with extinction which
are or may be affected by trade. Trade in specimens of these species
must be subject to particularly strict regulation in order not to
endanger further their survival and must only be authorized in
exceptional circumstances.
2. Appendix II shall include:
a) all species which although not necessarily now threatened with
extinction may become so unless trade in specimens of such species
is subject to strict regulation in order to avoid utilization
incompatible with their survival; and
b) other species which must be subject to regulation in order that trade
in specimens of certain species referred to in subparagraph (a) of
this paragraph may be brought under effective control.
3. Appendix III shall include all species which any Party identifies as
being subject to regulation within its jurisdiction for the purposes of
preventing or restricting exploitation, and as needing the cooperation
of other parties in the control of trade.
4. The Parties shall not allow trade in specimens of species included in
Appendices I, II and III except in accordance with the provisions of
the present Convention.
Article III REGULATION OF TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN
APPENDIX I
1. All trade in specimens of species included in Appendix I shall be in
accordance with the provisions of this Article.
2. The export of any specimen of a species included in Appendix I shall
require the prior grant and presentation of an export permit. An export
permit shall only be granted when the following conditions have been
met:
a) a Scientific Authority of the State of export has advised that such
export will not be detrimental to the survival of that species;
b) a Management Authority of the State of export is satisfied that the
specimen was not obtained in contravention of the laws of that State
for the protection of fauna and flora;
c) a Management Authority of the State of export is satisfied that any
living specimen will be so prepared and shipped as to minimize the
risk of injury, damage to health or cruel treatment; and
d) a Management Authority of the State of export is satisfied that an
import permit has been granted for the specimen.
3. The import of any specimen of a species included in Appendix I shall
require the prior grant and presentation of an import permit and either
an export permit or a re-export certificate. An import permit shall only
be granted when the following conditions have been met:
a) a Scientific Authority of the State of import has advised that the
import will be for purposes which are not detrimental to the survival
of the species involved;
b) a Scientific Authority of the State of import is satisfied that the
proposed recipient of a living specimen is suitably equipped to house
and care for it; and
c) a Management Authority of the State of import is satisfied that the
specimen is not to be used for primarily commercial purposes.
4. The re-export of any specimen of a species included in Appendix I shall
require the prior grant and presentation of a re-export certificate. A
re-export certificate shall only be granted when the following conditions
have been met:
a) a Management Authority of the State of re-export is satisfied that the
specimen was imported into that State in accordance with the provisions
of the present Convention;
b) a Management Authority of the State of re-export is satisfied that any
living specimen will be so prepared and shipped as to minimize the risk
of injury, damage to health or cruel treatment; and
c) a Management Authority of the State of re-export is satisfied that an
import permit has been granted for any living specimen.
5. The introduction from the sea of any specimen of a species included in
Appendix I shall require the prior grant of a certificate from a
Management Authority of the State of introduction. A certificate shall
only be granted when the following conditions have been met:
a) a Scientific Authority of the State of introduction advises that the
introduction will not be detrimental to the survival of the species
involved;
b) a Management Authority of the State of introduction is satisfied that
the proposed recipient of a living specimen is suitably equipped to
house and care for it; and
c) a Management Authority of the State of introduction is satisfied that
the specimen is not to be used for primarily commercial purposes.
Article IV REGULATION OF TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN
APPENDIX II
1. All trade in specimens of species included in Appendix II shall be in
accordance with the provisions of this Article.
2. The export of any specimen of a species included in Appendix II shall
require the prior grant and presentation of an export permit. An export
permit shall only be granted when the following conditions have been
met:
a) a Scientific Authority of the State of export has advised that such
export will not be detrimental to the survival of that species;
b) a Management Authority of the State of export is satisfied that the
specimen was not obtained in contravention of the laws of that State
for the protection of fauna and flora; and
c) a Management Authority of the State of export is satisfied that any
living specimen will be so prepared and shipped as to minimize the
risk of injury, damage to health or cruel treatment.
3. A Scientific Authority in each Party shall monitor both the export
permits granted by that State for specimens of species included in
Appendix II and the actual exports of such specimens. Whenever a
Scientific Authority determines that the export of specimens of any
such species should be limited in order to maintain that species
throughout its range at a level consistent with its role in the
ecosystems in which it occurs and well above the level at which that
species might become eligible for inclusion in Appendix I, the
Scientific Authority shall advise the appropriate Management Authority
of suitable measures to be taken to limit the grant of export permits
for specimens of that species.
4. The import of any specimen of a species included in Appendix II shall
require the prior presentation of either an export permit or a re-export
certificate.
5. The re-export of any specimen of a species included in Appendix II shall
require the prior grant and presentation of a re-export certificate. A
re-export certificate shall only be granted when the following conditions
have been met:
a) a Management Authority of the State of re-export is satisfied that the
specimen was imported into that State in accordance with the provisions
of the present Convention; and
b) a Management Authority of the State of re-export is satisfied that any
living specimen will be so prepared and shipped as to minimize the risk
of injury, damage to health or cruel treatment.
6. The introduction from the sea of any specimen of a species included in
Appendix II shall require the prior grant of a certificate from a
Management Authority of the State of introduction. A certificate shall
only be granted when the following conditions have been met:
a) a Scientific Authority of the State of introduction advises that the
introduction will not be detrimental to the survival of the species
involved; and
b) a Management Authority of the State of introduction is satisfied that
any living specimen will be so handled as to minimize the risk of
injury, damage to health or cruel treatment.
7. Certificates referred to in paragraph 6 of this Article may be granted
on the advice of a Scientific Authority, in consultation with other
national scientific authorities or, when appropriate, international
scientific authorities, in respect of periods not exceeding one year
for total numbers of specimens to be introduced in such periods.
Article V REGULATION OF TRADE IN SPECIMENS OF SPECIES INCLUDED IN
APPENDIX III
1. All trade in specimens of species included in Appendix III shall be
in accordance with the provisions of this Article.
2. The export of any specimen of a species included in Appendix III
from any State which has included that species in Appendix III shall
require the prior grant and presentation of an export permit. An
export permit shall only be granted when the following conditions
have been met:
a) a Management Authority of the State of export is satisfied that the
specimen was not obtained in contravention of the laws of that State
for the protection of fauna and flora; and
b) a Management Authority of the State of export is satisfied that any
living specimen will be so prepared and shipped as to minimize the
risk of injury, damage to health or cruel treatment.
3. The import of any specimen of a species included in Appendix III
shall require, except in circumstances to which paragraph 4 of this
Article applies, the prior presentation of a certificate of origin and,
where the import is from a State which has included that species in
Appendix III, an export permit.
4. In the case of re-export, a certificate granted by the Management
Authority of the State of re-export that the specimen was processed in
that State or is being re-exported shall be accepted by the State of
import as evidence that the provisions of the present Convention have
been complied with in respect of the specimen concerned.
Article VI PERMITS AND CERTIFICATES
1. Permits and certificates granted under the provisions of Articles III,
IV and V shall be in accordance with the provisions of this Article.
2. An export permit shall contain the information specified in the model
set forth in Appendix IV, and may only be used for export within a
period of six months from the date on which it was granted.
3. Each permit or certificate shall contain the title of the present
Convention, the name and any identifying stamp of the Management
Authority granting it and a control number assigned by the Management
Authority.
4. Any copies of a permit or certificates issued by a Management
Authority shall be clearly marked as copies only and no such copy may
be used in place of the original, except to the extent endorsed
thereon.
5. A separate permit or certificate shall be required for each
consignment of specimens.
6. A Management Authority of the State of import of any specimen shall
cancel and retain the export permit or re-export certificate and any
corresponding import permit presented in respect of the import of that
specimen.
7. Where appropriate and feasible a Management Authority may affix a mark
upon any specimen to assist in identifying the specimen. For these
purposes "mark" means any indelible imprint, lead seal or other
suitable means of identifying a specimen, designed in such a way as to
render its imitation by unauthorized persons as difficult as possible.
Article VII EXEMPTIONS AND OTHER SPECIAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO TRADE
1. The provisions of Articles III, IV and V shall not apply to the
transit or trans-shipment of specimens through or in the territory of
a Party while the specimens remain in Customs control.
2. Where a Management Authority of the State of export or re-export is
satisfied that a specimen was acquired before the provisions of the
present Convention applied to that specimen, the provisions of
Articles III, IV and V shall not apply to that specimen where the
Management Authority issues a certificate to that effect.
3. The provisions of Articles III, IV and V shall not apply to specimens
that are personal or household effects. This exemption shall not
apply where:
a) in the case of specimens of a species included in Appendix I, they
were acquired by the owner outside his State of usual residence, and
are being imported into that State; or
b) in the case of specimens of species included in Appendix II:
(i) they were acquired by the owner outside his State of usual
residence and in a State where removal from the wild occurred;
(ii) they are being imported into the owner's State of usual residence;
and
(iii) the State where removal from the wild occurred requires the prior
grant of export permits before any export of such specimens; unless
a Management Authority is satisfied that the specimens were acquired
before the provisions of the present Convention applied to such
specimens.
4. Specimens of an animal species included in Appendix I bred in captivity
for commercial purposes, or of a plant species included in Appendix I
artificially propagated for commercial purposes, shall be deemed to be
specimens of species included in Appendix II.
5. Where a Management Authority of the State of export is satisfied that
any specimen of an animal species was bred in captivity or any specimen
of a plant species was artificially propagated, or is a part of such an
animal or plant or was derived therefrom, a certificate by that Management
Authority to that effect shall be accepted in lieu of any of the permits
or certificates required under the provisions of Articles III, IV or V.
6. The provisions of Articles III, IV and V shall not apply to the
non-commercial loan, donation or exchange between scientists or scientific
institutions registered by a Management Authority of their State, of
herbarium specimens, other preserved, dried or embedded museum specimens,
and live plant material which carry a label Issued or approved by a
Management Authority.
7. A Management Authority of any State may waive the requirements of Articles
III, IV and V and allow the movement without permits or certificates of
specimens which form part of a traveling zoo, circus, menagerie, plant
exhibition or other traveling exhibition provided that:
a) the exporter or importer registers full details of such specimens with
that Management Authority;
b) the specimens are in either of the categories specified in paragraphs 2
and 5 of this Article; and
c) the Management Authority is satisfied that any living specimen will be
so transported and cared for as to minimize the risk of injury, damage
to health or cruel treatment.
Article VIII MEASURES TO BE TAKEN BY THE PARTIES
1. The Parties shall take appropriate measures to enforce the provisions of
the present Convention and to prohibit trade in specimens in violation
thereof. These shall include measures:
a) to penalize trade in, or possession of, such specimens, or both; and
b) to provide for the confiscation or return to the State of export of
such specimens.
2. In addition to the measures taken under paragraph 1 of this Article a
Party may, when it deems it necessary, provide for any method of internal
reimbursement for expenses incurred as a result of the confiscation of
a specimen traded in violation of the measures taken in the application
of the provisions of the present Convention.
3. As far as possible, the Parties shall ensure that specimens shall pass
through any formalities required for trade with a minimum of delay. To
facilitate such passage, a Party may designate ports of exit and ports
of entry at which specimens must be presented for clearance. The Parties
shall ensure further that all living specimens, during any period of
transit, holding or shipment, are properly cared for so as to minimize
the risk of injury, damage to health or cruel treatment.
4. Where a living specimen is confiscated as a result of measures referred
to in paragraph 1 of this Article:
a) the specimen shall be entrusted to a Management Authority of the State
of confiscation;
b) the Management Authority shall, after consultation with the State of
export, return the specimen to that State at the expense of that State,
or to a rescue center or such other place as the Management Authority
deems appropriate and consistent with the purposes of the present
Convention; and
c) the Management Authority may obtain the advice of a Scientific Authority,
or may, wherever it considers it desirable, consult the Secretariat in
order to facilitate the decision under sub-paragraph (b) of this
paragraph, including the choice of a rescue center or other place.
5. A rescue center as referred to in paragraph 4 of this Article means an
institution designated by a Management Authority to look after the welfare
of living specimens, particularly those that have been confiscated.
6. Each Party shall maintain records of trade in specimens of species
included in Appendices I, II and III which shall cover:
a) the names and addresses of exporters and importers; and
b) the number and type of permits and certificates granted; the States
with which such trade occurred; the numbers or quantities and types
of specimens, names of species as included in Appendices I, II and III
and, where applicable, the size and sex of the specimens in question.
7. Each Party shall prepare periodic reports on its implementation of the
present Convention and shall transmit to the Secretariat:
a) an annual report containing a summary of the information specified in
sub-paragraph (b) of paragraph 6 of this Article; and
b) a biennial report on legislative, regulatory and administrative measures
taken to enforce the provisions of the present Convention.
8. The information referred to in paragraph 7 of this Article shall be
available to the public where this is not inconsistent with the law of
the Party concerned.
Article IX MANAGEMENT AND SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITIES
1. Each Party shall designate for the purposes of the present Convention:
a) one or more Management Authorities competent to grant permits or
certificates on behalf of that Party; and
b) one or more Scientific Authorities.
2. A State depositing an instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval
or accession shall at that time inform the Depositary Government of the
name and address of the Management Authority authorized to communicate
with other Parties and with the Secretariat.
3. Any changes in the designations or authorizations under the provisions
of this Article shall be communicated by the Party concerned to the
Secretariat for transmission to all other Parties.
4. Any Management Authority referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article
shall if so requested by the Secretariat or the Management Authority of
another Party, communicate to it impression of stamps, seals or other
devices used to authenticate permits or certificates.
Article X TRADE WITH STATES NOT PARTY TO THE CONVENTION
Where export or re-export is to, or import is from, a State not a Party to
the present Convention, comparable documentation issued by the competent
authorities in that State which substantially conforms with the requirements
of the present Convention for permits and certificates may be accepted in
lieu thereof by any Party.
Article XI CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES
1. The Secretariat shall call a meeting of the Conference of the Parties
not later than two years after the entry into force of the present
Convention.
2. Thereafter the Secretariat shall convene regular meetings at least once
every two years, unless the Conference decides otherwise, and
extraordinary meetings at any time on the written request of a least
one-third of the Parties.
3. At meetings, whether regular or extraordinary, the Parties shall review
the implementation of the present Convention and may:
a) make such provision as may be necessary to enable the Secretariat to
carry out its duties, and adopt financial provisions;
b) consider and adopt amendments to Appendices I and II in accordance with
Article XV;
c) review the progress made towards the restoration and conservation of
the species included in Appendices I, II and III;
d) receive and consider any reports presented by the Secretariat or by any
Party; and
e) where appropriate, make recommendations for improving the effectiveness
of the present Convention.
4. At each regular meeting, the Parties may determine the time and venue of
the next regular meeting to be held in accordance with the provisions of
paragraph 2 of this Article.
5. At any meeting, the Parties may determine and adopt rules of procedure
for the meeting.
6. The United Nations, its Specialized Agencies and the International Atomic
Energy Agency, as well as any State not a Party to the present Convention,
may be represented at meetings of the Conference by observers, who shall
have the right to participate but not to vote.
7. Any body or agency technically qualified in protection, conservation or
management of wild fauna and flora, in the following categories, which
has informed the Secretariat of its desire to be represented at meetings
of the Conference by observers, shall be admitted unless at least
one-third of the Parties present object:
a) international agencies or bodies, either governmental or non-governmental,
and national governmental agencies and bodies; and
b) national non-governmental agencies or bodies which have been approved
for this purpose by the State in which they are located.
Once admitted, these observers shall have the right to participate but not to
vote.
Article XII THE SECRETARIAT
1. Upon entry into force of the present Convention, a Secretariat shall be
provided by the Executive Director of the United Nations Environment
Programme. To the extent and in the manner he considers appropriate, he
may be assisted by suitable intergovernmental or non-governmental
international or national agencies and bodies technically qualified in
protection, conservation and management of wild fauna and flora.
2. The functions of the Secretariat shall be:
a) to arrange for and service meetings of the Parties;
b) to perform the functions entrusted to it under the provisions of
Articles XV and XVI of the present Convention;
c) to undertake scientific and technical studies in accordance with
programmes authorized by the Conference of the Parties as will
contribute to the implementation of the present Convention, including
studies concerning standards for appropriate preparation and shipment
of living specimens and the means of identifying specimens;
d) to study the reports of Parties and to request from Parties such further
information with respect thereto as it deems necessary to ensure
implementation of the present Convention;
e) to invite the attention of the Parties to any matter pertaining to the
aims of the present Convention;
f) to publish periodically and distribute to the Parties current editions
of Appendices I, II and III together with any information which will
facilitate identification of specimens of species included in those
Appendices.
g) to prepare annual reports to the Parties on its work and on the
implementation of the present Convention and such other reports as
meetings of the Parties may request;
h) to make recommendations for the implementation of the aims and
provisions of the present Convention, including the exchange of
information of a scientific or technical nature;
i) to perform any other function as may be entrusted to it by the Parties.
Article XIII INTERNATIONAL MEASURES
1. When the Secretariat in the light of information received is satisfied
that any species included in Appendices I or II is being affected
adversely by trade in specimens of that species or that the provisions
of the present Convention are not being effectively implemented, it shall
communicate such information to the authorized Management Authority of
the Party or Parties concerned.
2. When any Party receives a communication as indicated in paragraph 1 of
this Article, it shall, as soon as possible, inform the Secretariat of
any relevant facts in-so-far as its laws permit and, where appropriate,
propose remedial action. Where the Party considers that an inquiry is
desirable, such inquiry may be carried out by one or more persons
expressly authorized by the Party.
3. The information provided by the Party or resulting from any inquiry as
specified in paragraph 2 of this Article shall be reviewed by the next
Conference of the Parties which may make whatever recommendations it
deems appropriate.
Article XIV EFFECT ON DOMESTIC LEGISLATION AND INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS
1. The provisions of the present Convention shall in no way affect the right
of Parties to adopt:
a) stricter domestic measures regarding the conditions for trade, taking,
possession or transport of specimens of species included in Appendices
I, II and III, or the complete prohibition thereof; or
b) domestic measures restricting or prohibiting trade, taking possession,
or transport of species not included in Appendices I, II or III.
2. The provisions of the present Convention shall in no way affect the
provisions of any domestic measures or the obligations of Parties deriving
from any treaty, convention, or international agreement relating to other
aspects of trade, taking, possession, or transport of specimens which is
in force or subsequently may enter into force for any Party including any
measure pertaining to the Customs, public health, veterinary or plant
quarantine fields.
3. The provisions of the present Convention shall in no way affect the
provisions of, or the obligations deriving from, any treaty, convention
or international agreement concluded or which may be concluded between
States creating a union or regional trade agreement establishing or
maintaining a common external customs control and removing customs
controls between the parties thereto insofar as they relate to trade
among the States members of that union or agreement.
4. A State Party to the present Convention, which is also a Party to any
other treaty, convention or international agreement which is in force
at the time of the coming into force of the present Convention and
underthe provisions of which protection is afforded to marine species
included in Appendix II, shall be relieved of the obligations imposed
on it under the provisions of the present Convention with respect
totrade in specimens of species included in Appendix II that are taken
by ships registered in that State and in accordance with the provisions
of such other treaty, convention or international agreement.
5. Notwithstanding the provisions of Articles III, IV and V, any export of
a specimen taken in accordance with paragraph 4 of this Article shall
only require a certificate from a Management Authority of the State of
introduction to the effect that the specimen was taken in accordance
with the provisions of the other treaty, convention or international
agreement in question.
6. Nothing in the present Convention shall prejudice the codification and
development of the law of the sea by the United Nations Conference on
the Law of the Sea convened pursuant to Resolution 2750 C (XXV) of the
General Assembly of the United Nations nor the present or future claims
and legal views of any State concerning the law of the sea and the
nature and extent of coastal and flag State jurisdiction.
Article XV AMENDMENTS TO APPENDICES I AND II
1. The following provisions shall apply in relation to amendments to
Appendices I and II at meetings of the Conference of the Parties:
a) Any Party may propose an amendment to Appendix I or II for
consideration at the next meeting. The text of the proposed amendment
shall be communicated to the Secretariat at least 150 days before the
meeting. The Secretariat shall consult the other Parties and
interested bodies on the amendment in accordance with the provisions
of sub-paragraphs (b) and © of paragraph 2 of this Article and shall
communicate the response to all Parties not later than 30 days before
the meeting.
b) Amendments shall be adopted by a two-thirds majority of Parties present
and voting. For these purposes "Parties present and voting" means
Parties present and casting an affirmative or negative vote. Parties
abstaining from voting shall not be counted among the two-thirds
required for adopting an amendment.
c) Amendments adopted at a meeting shall enter into force 90 days after
that meeting for all Parties except those which make a reservation in
accordance with paragraph 3 of this Article.
2. The following provisions shall apply in relation to amendments to
Appendices I and II between meetings of the Conference of the Parties:
a) Any Party may propose an amendment to Appendix I and II for
consideration between meetings by the postal procedures set forth in
this paragraph.
b) For marine species, the Secretariat shall, upon receiving the text
of the proposed amendment, immediately communicate it to the Parties.
It shall also consult intergovernmental bodies having a function in
relation to those species especially with a view to obtaining
scientific data these bodies may be able to provide and to ensuring
co-ordination with any conservation measures enforced by such bodies.
The Secretariat shall communicate the views expressed and data provided
by these bodies and its own findings and recommendations to the Parties
as soon as possible.
c) For species other than marine species, the Secretariat shall, upon
receiving the text of the proposed amendments, immediately communicate
it to the Parties, and, as soon as possible thereafter, its own
recommendations.
d) Any Party may, within 60 days of the date on which the Secretariat
communicated its recommendations to the Parties under sub-paragraphs
(b) or (c) of this paragraph, transmit to the Secretariat any comments
on the proposed amendment together with any relevant scientific data
and information.
e) The Secretariat shall communicate the replies received together with
its own recommendations to the Parties as soon as possible.
f) If no objection to the proposed amendment is received by the
Secretariat within 30 days of the date the replies and recommendations
were communicated under the provisions of sub-paragraph (e) of this
paragraph, the amendment shall enter into force 90 days later for all
Parties except those which make a reservation in accordance with
paragraph 3 of this Article.
g) If an objection by any Party is received by the Secretariat the
proposed amendment shall be submitted to a postal vote in accordance
with the provisions of sub-paragraphs (h), (i) and (j) of this
paragraph.
h) The Secretariat shall notify the Parties that notification of
objection has been received.
i) Unless the Secretariat receives the votes for, against or in abstention
from at least one-half of the Parties within 60 days of the date of
notification under sub-paragraph (h) of this paragraph, the proposed
amendment shall be referred to the next meeting of the Conference for
further consideration.
j) Provided that votes are received from one-half of the Parties, the
amendment shall be adopted by a two-thirds majority of Parties casting
an affirmative or negative vote.
k) The Secretariat shall notify all Parties of the result of the vote.
l) If the proposed amendment is adopted it shall enter into force 90 days
after the date of the notification by the Secretariat of its acceptance
for all Parties except those which make a reservation in accordance
with paragraph 3 of this Article.
3. During the period of 90 days provided for by sub-paragraph (c) of
paragraph 1 or sub-paragraph (l) of paragraph 2 of this Article any
Party may by notification in writing to the Depositary Government make
a reservation with respect to the amendment. Until such reservation is
withdrawn the Party shall be treated as a State not a Party to the
present Convention with respect to trade in the species concerned.
Article XVI APPENDIX III AND AMENDMENTS THERETO
1. Any Party may at any time submit to the Secretariat a list of species
which it identifies as being subject to regulation within its
Jurisdiction for the purpose mentioned in paragraph 3 of Article II.
Appendix III shall include the names of the Parties submitting the
species for inclusion therein, the scientific names of the species so
submitted, and any parts or derivatives of the animals or plants
concerned that are specified in relation to the species for the
purposes of sub-paragraph (b) of Article I.
2. Each list submitted under the provisions of paragraph 1 of this Article
shall be communicated to the Parties by the Secretariat as soon as
possible after receiving it. The list shall take effect as part of
Appendix III 90 days after the date of such communication. At any time
after the communication of such list, any Party may by notification in
writing to the Depositary Government enter a reservation with respect to
any species or any parts or derivatives, and until such reservation is
withdrawn, the State shall be treated as a State not a Party to the
present Convention with respect to trade in the species or part or
derivative concerned.
3. A Party which has submitted a species for inclusion in Appendix III may
withdraw it at any time by notification to the Secretariat which shall
communicate the withdrawal to all Parties. The withdrawal shall take
effect 30 days after the date of such communication.
4. Any Party submitting a list under the provisions of paragraph 1 of this
Article shall submit to the Secretariat a copy of all domestic laws and
regulations applicable to the protection of such species, together with
any interpretations which the Party may deem appropriate or the
Secretariat may request. The Party shall, for as long as the species in
question is included in Appendix III, submit any amendments of such laws
and regulations or any new interpretations as they are adopted.
Article XVII AMENDMENT OF THE CONVENTION
1. An extraordinary meeting of the Conference of the Parties shall be
convened by the Secretariat on the written request of at least one-third
of the Parties to consider and adopt amendments to the present Convention.
Such amendments shall be adopted by a two-thirds majority of Parties
present and voting. For these purposes "Parties present and voting" means
Parties present and casting an affirmative or negative vote. Parties
abstaining from voting shall not be counted among the two-thirds required
for adopting an amendment.
2. The text of any proposed amendment shall be communicated by the
Secretariat to all Parties at least 90 days before the meeting.
3. An amendment shall enter into force for the Parties which have accepted
it 60 days after two-thirds of the Parties have deposited an instrument
of acceptance of the amendment with the Depositary Government. Thereafter,
the amendment shall enter into force for any other Party 60 days after
that Party deposits its instrument of acceptance of the amendment.
Article XVIII RESOLUTION OF DISPUTES
1. Any dispute which may arise between two or more Parties with respect to
the interpretation or application of the provisions of the present
Convention shall be subject to negotiation between the Parties involved
in the dispute.
2. If the dispute cannot be resolved in accordance with paragraph 1 of this
Article, the Parties may, by mutual consent, submit the dispute to
arbitration, in particular that of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at
The Hague, and the Parties submitting the dispute shall be bound by the
arbitral decision.
Article XIX SIGNATURE
The present Convention shall be open for signature at Washington until 30
April 1973 and thereafter at Berne until 31 December 1974.
Article XX RATIFICATION, ACCEPTANCE, APPROVAL
The present Convention shall be subject to ratification, acceptance or
approval. Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be
deposited with the Government of the Swiss Confederation which shall be
the Depositary Government.
Article XXI ACCESSION
The present Convention shall be open indefinitely for accession. Instruments
of accession shall be deposited with the Depositary Government.
1. This Convention shall be open for accession by regional economic
integration organizations constituted by sovereign States which have
competence in respect of the negotiation, conclusion and implementation
of international agreements in matters transferred to them by their
Member States and covered by this Convention.
2. In their instruments of accession, such organizations shall declare the
extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by the
Convention. These organizations shall also inform the Depositary
Government of any substantial modification in the extent of their
competence. Notifications by regional economic integration organizations
concerning their competence with respect to matters governed by this
Convention and modifications thereto shall be distributed to the Parties
by the Depositary Government.
3. In matters within their competence, such regional integration
organizations shall exercise the rights and fulfill the obligations
which this Convention attributes to their Member States, which are
Parties to the Convention. In such cases the Member States of the
organizations shall not be entitled to exercise such rights individually.
4. In the fields of their competence, regional economic integration
organizations shall exercise their right to vote with a number of votes
equal to the number of their Member States which are Parties to the
Convention. Such organizations shall not exercise their right to vote
if their Member States exercise theirs, and vice versa.
5. Any reference to "Party" in the sense used in Article 1(h) of this
Convention to "State"/"States" or to "State Party"/"States Parties" to
the Convention shall be construed as including a reference to any
regional economic integration organization having competence in respect
of the negotiation, conclusion and application of international
agreements in matters covered by this Convention.
Article XXII ENTER INTO FORCE
1. The present Convention shall enter into force 90 days after the date of
deposit of the tenth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or
accession, with the Depositary Government.
2. For each State which ratifies, accepts or approves the present
Convention or accedes thereto after the deposit of the tenth instrument
of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, the present
Convention shall enter into force 90 days after the deposit by such
State of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or
accession.
Article XXIII RESERVATION
1. The provisions of the present Convention shall not be subject to general
reservations. Specific reservations may be entered in accordance with the
provisions of this Article and Articles XV and XVI.
2. Any State may, on depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance,
approval or accession, enter a specific reservation with regard to:
a) any species included in Appendix I, II, III; or
b) any parts or derivatives specified in relation to a species included
in Appendix III.
3. Until a Party withdraws its reservation entered under the provisions of
this Article, it shall be treated as a State not a Party to the present
Convention with respect to trade in the particular species or parts or
derivatives specified in such reservation.
Article XXIV DENUNCIATION
Any Party may denounce the present Convention by written notification to the
Depositary Government at any time. The denunciation shall take effect twelve
months after the Depositary Government has received the notification.
Article XXV DEPOSITARY
1. The original of the present Convention, in the Chinese, English, French,
Russian and Spanish languages, each version being equally authentic, shall
be deposited with the Depositary Government, which shall transmit
certified copies thereof to all States that have signed it or deposited
instruments of accession to it.
2. The Depositary Government shall inform all signatory and acceding States
and the Secretariat of signatures, deposit of instruments of ratification,
acceptance, approval or accession, entry into force of the present
Convention, amendments thereto, entry and withdrawal of reservations and
notifications of denunciation.
3. As soon as the present Convention enters into force, a certified copy
thereof shall be transmitted by the Depositary Government to the
Secretariat of the United Nations for registration and publication in
accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, being duly authorized
to that effect, have signed the present Convention.
DONE at Washington this third day of March, One Thousand Nine Hundred and
Seventy-three.
APPENDICES I AND II
As adopted by the Conference of the Parties, valid from 16 February 1995
INTERPRETATION
1. Species included in these appendices are referred to:
a) by the name of the species; or
b) as being all of the species included in a higher taxon or designated
part thereof.
2. The abbreviation "spp." is used to denote all species of a higher taxon.
3. Other references to taxa higher than species are for the purposes of
information or classification only.
4. The abbreviation "p.e." is used to denote species that are possibly
extinct.
5. An asterisk (*) placed against the name of a species or higher taxon
indicates that one or more geographically separate populations,
subspecies or species of that species or taxon are included in Appendix
I and are excluded from Appendix II.
6. Two asterisks (**) placed against the name of a species or higher taxon
indicate that one or more geographically separate populations,
subspecies or species of that species or taxon are included in Appendix
II and are excluded from Appendix I.
7. The symbol (-) followed by a number placed against the name of a species
or higher taxon denotes that designated geographically separate
populations, species, groups of species or families of that species or
taxon are excluded from the appendix concerned, as follows:
* 101 Population of West Greenland
* 102 Populations of Bhutan, India, Nepal and Pakistan
* 103 Population of Australia
* 104 Population of the United States of America
* 105 - Chile: part of the population of Parinacota Province, Ia.
Region of Tarapacá
- Peru: the whole population
* 106 Populations of Afghanistan, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal and
Pakistan
* 107 Cathartidae
* 108 Melopsittacus undulatus, Nymphicus hollandicus and Psittacula
krameri
* 109 Population of Ecuador, subject to zero export quotas in 1995 and
1996 and then annual export quotas as approved by the CITES
Secretariat and the IUCN/SSC Crocodile Specialist Group
* 110 Populations of Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique,
South Africa, the United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and
Zimbabwe, and populations of the following countries subject to
the specified annual export quotas:
1995 1996 1997
Madagascar 4,700 5,200 5,200
ranched specimens: 4,500 5,000 5,000
wild nuisance specimens: 200 200 200
Uganda 2,500 2,500 2,500
Apart from ranched specimens, the United Republic of Tanzania
will authorize the export of no more than 1100 wild specimens
(including 100 hunting trophies) in 1995 and 1996, and a number
to be approved by the CITES Secretariat and the IUCN/SSC Crocodile
Specialist Group in 1997
* 111 Populations of Australia, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea
* 112 Population of Chile
* 113 All species that are not succulent
* 114 Aloe vera; also referenced as Aloe barbadensis
8. The symbol (+) followed by a number placed against the name of a species
or higher taxon denotes that only designated geographically separate
populations, subspecies or species of that species or taxon are included
in the appendix concerned, as follows:
+201 Populations of Bhutan, India, Nepal and Pakistan
+202 Populations of Bhutan, China, Mexico and Mongolia
+203 Populations of Cameroon and Nigeria
+204 Population of Asia
+205 Populations of Central and North America
+206 Populations of Bangladesh, India and Thailand
+207 Population of India
+208 Population of Australia
+209 Population of South Africa
+210 - Chile: part of the population of Parinacota Province, Ia.
Region of Tarapacá
- Peru: the whole population
+211 Populations of Afghanistan, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal and
Pakistan
+212 Population of Mexico
+213 Populations of Algeria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Central
African Republic, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, the Niger,
Nigeria, Senegal and the Sudan
+214 Population of Seychelles
+215 Population of Europe, except the area which formerly constituted
the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
+216 All species of New Zealand
+217 Population of Chile
9. The symbol (=) followed by a number placed against the name of a species
or higher taxon denotes that the name of that species or taxon shall be
interpreted as follows:
=301 Also referenced as Phalanger maculatus
=302 Includes family Tupaiidae
=303 Formerly included in family Lemuridae
=304 Formerly included as subspecies of Callithrix jacchus
=305 Includes generic synonym Leontideus
=306 Formerly included in species Saguinus oedipus
=307 Formerly included as Alouatta palliata (villosa)
=308 Includes synonym Cercopithecus roloway
=309 Includes generic synonym mias
=311 Includes synonym Colobus badius kirkii
=312 Includes synonym Colobus badius rufomitratus
=313 Includes generic synonym Rhinopithecus
=314 Also referenced as Presbytis entellus
=315 Also referenced as Presbytis geei and Semnopithecus geei
=316 Also referenced as Presbytis pileata and Semnopithecus pileatus
=317 Includes synonyms Bradypus boliviensis and Bradypus griseus
=318 Includes synonym Priodontes giganteus
=319 Includes synonym Physeter macrocephalus
=320 Includes synonym Eschrichtius glaucus
=321 Formerly included in genus Balaena
=322 Formerly included in genus Dusicyon
=323 Includes synonym Dusicyon fulvipes
=324 Includes generic synonym Fennecus
=325 Also referenced as Selenarctos thibetanus
=326 Also referenced as Aonyx microdon or Paraonyx microdon
=327 Formerly included in genus Lutra
=328 Formerly included in genus Lutra; includes synonyms Lutra
annectens, Lutra enudris, Lutra incarum and Lutra platensis
=329 Includes synonym Eupleres major
=330 Also referenced as Hyaena brunnea
=331 Also referenced as Felis caracal and Lynx caracal
=332 Formerly included in genus Felis
=333 Also referenced as Felis pardina or Felis lynx pardina
=334 Formerly included in genus Panthera
=335 Also referenced as Equus asinus
=336 Formerly included in species Equus hemionus
=337 Also referenced as Equus caballus przewalskii
=338 Also referenced as Choeropsis liberiensis
=339 Also referenced as Cervus porcinus annamiticus
=340 Also referenced as Cervus porcinus calamianensis
=341 Also referenced as Cervus porcinus kuhlii
=342 Also referenced as Cervus dama mesopotamicus
=343 Includes synonym Bos frontalis
=344 Includes synonym Bos grunniens
=345 Includes generic synonym Novibos
=346 Includes generic synonym Anoa
=347 Also referenced as Damaliscus dorcas dorcas
=348 Formerly included in species Naemorhedus goral
=349 Also referenced as Capricornis sumatraensis
=350 Includes synonym Oryx tao
=351 Includes synonym Ovis aries ophion
=352 Also referenced as Rupicapra rupicapra ornata
=353 Also referenced as Pterocnemia pennata
=354 Also referenced as Sula abbotti
=355 Also referenced as Ciconia ciconia boyciana
=356 Includes synonyms Anas chlorotis and Anas nesiotis
=357 Also referenced as Anas platyrhynchos laysanensis
=358 Probably a hybrid between Anas platyrhynchos and Anas
superciliosa
=359 Also referenced as Aquila heliaca adalberti
=360 Also referenced as Chondrohierax wilsonii
=361 Also referenced as Falco peregrinus babylonicus and Falco
peregrinus pelegrinoides
=362 Also referenced as Crax mitu mitu
=363 Formerly included in genus Aburria
=364 Formerly included in species Crossoptilon crossoptilon
=365 Formerly included in species Polyplectron malacense
=366 Includes synonym Rheinardia nigrescens
=367 Also referenced as Tricholimnas sylvestris
=368 Also referenced as Choriotis nigriceps
=369 Also referenced as Houbaropsis bengalensis
=370 Also referenced as Amazona dufresniana rhodocorytha
=371 Often traded under the incorrect designation Ara caninde
=372 Also referenced as Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae cookii
=373 Also referenced as Opopsitta diophthalma coxeni
=374 Also referenced as Pezoporus occidentalis
=375 Formerly included in species Psephotus chrysopterygius
=376 Also referenced as Psittacula krameri echo
=377 Formerly included in genus Gallirex; also referenced as
Tauraco porphyreolophus
=378 Also referenced as Otus gurneyi
=379 Also referenced as Ninox novaeseelandiae royana
=380 Formerly included in genus Glaucis
=381 Includes generic synonym Ptilolaemus
=382 Formerly included in genus Rhinoplax
=383 Also referenced as Pitta brachyura nympha
=384 Also referenced as Muscicapa ruecki or Niltava ruecki
=385 Also referenced as Dasyornis brachypterus longirostris
=386 Also referenced as Meliphaga cassidix
=387 Formerly included in genus Spinus
=388 Formerly included as Kachuga tecta tecta
=389 Includes generic synonyms Nicoria and Geoemyda (part)
=390 Also referenced as Geochelone elephantopus; also referenced
in genus Testudo
=391 Also referenced in genus Testudo
=392 Also referenced in genus Aspideretes
=393 Formerly included in Podocnemis spp.
=394 Includes Alligatoridae, Crocodylidae and Gavialidae
=395 Also referenced as Crocodylus mindorensis
=396 Formerly included in Chamaeleo spp.
=397 Also referenced as Constrictor constrictor occidentalis
=398 Includes synonym Python molurus pimbura
=399 Includes synonym Pseudoboa cloelia
=400 Also referenced as Hydrodynastes gigas
=401 Includes generic synonym Megalobatrachus
=402 Sensu D'Abrera
=403 Also referenced as Conchodromus dromas
=404 Also referenced in genera Dysnomia and Plagiola
=405 Includes generic synonym Proptera
=406 Also referenced in genus Carunculina
=407 Also referenced as Megalonaias nickliniana
=408 Also referenced as Cyrtonaias tampicoensis tecomatensis and
Lampsilis tampicoensis tecomatensis
=409 Includes generic synonym Micromya
=410 Includes generic synonym Papuina
=411 Includes only the family Helioporidae with one species
Heliopora coerulea
=412 Also referenced as Podophyllum emodi and Sinopodophyllum
hexandrum
=413 Also referenced in genus Echinocactus
=414 Also referenced as Lobeira macdougallii or Nopalxochia
macdougallii
=415 Also referenced as Echinocereus lindsayi
=416 Also referenced as Wilcoxia schmollii
=417 Also referenced in genus Coryphantha
=418 Also referenced as Solisia pectinata
=419 Also referenced as Backebergia militaris
=420 Also referenced in genus Toumeya
=421 Includes synonym Ancistrocactus tobuschii
=422 Also referenced in genus Neolloydia or in genus Echinomastus
=423 Also referenced in genus Toumeya or in genus Pediocactus
=424 Also referenced in genus Neolloydia
=425 Also referenced as Saussurea lappa
=426 Includes Euphorbia cylindrifolia ssp. tuberifera
=427 Also referenced as Euphorbia capsaintemariensis var.
tulearensis
=428 Also referenced as Engelhardia pterocarpa
=429 Includes Aloe compressa var. rugosquamosa and Aloe compressa
var. schistophila
=430 Includes Aloe haworthioides var. aurantiaca
=431 Includes Aloe laeta var. maniaensis
=432 Includes families Apostasiaceae and Cypripediaceae as
subfamilies Apostasioideae and Cypripedioideae
=433 Also referenced as Sarracenia rubra alabamensis
=434 Also referenced as Sarracenia rubra jonesii
=435 Includes synonym Stangeria paradoxa
=436 Also referenced as Taxus baccata ssp. wallichiana
=437 Includes synonym Welwitschia bainesii
10. The symbol (°) followed by a number placed against the name of a
species or higher taxon shall be interpreted as follows:
°501 Specimens of the domesticated form are not subject to the
provisions of the Convention
°502 Annual export quotas for live specimens and hunting trophies
are granted as follows:
Botswana: 5
Namibia: 150
Zimbabwe: 50
The trade in such specimens is subject to the provisions of
Article III of the Convention
°503 For the exclusive purpose of allowing international trade in
live animals to appropriate and acceptable destinations and
hunting trophies
°504 For the exclusive purpose of allowing international trade in
wool sheared from live vicugnas of the populations included
in Appendix II (see +210) and in the extant stock in Peru of
3249 kg of wool, and in cloth and items made thereof. The
reverse side of the cloth must bear the logotype adopted by
the range States of the species, which are signatories to the
Convenio para la Conservación y Manejo de la Vicuña, and the
selvages either the words VICUÑANDES-CHILE or the words
VICUÑANDES-PERU, depending on the country of origin
°505 Fossils are not subject to the provisions of the Convention
°506 No exports of adult plants are permitted until the tenth
meeting of the Conference of the Parties
°507 Seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or
liquid media, transported in sterile containers are not
subject to the provisions of the Convention
11. In accordance with Article I, paragraph b, sub-paragraph (iii),
of the Convention, the symbol (#) followed by a number placed
against the name of a species or higher taxon included in Appendix
II designates parts or derivatives which are specified in relation
thereto for the purposes of the Convention as follows:
#1 Designates all parts and derivatives, except:
a) seeds, spores and pollen (including pollinia); and
b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid
media, transported in sterile containers
#2 Designates all parts and derivatives, except:
a) seeds and pollen;
b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid
media, transported in sterile containers; and
c) chemical derivatives
#3 Designates roots and readily recognizable parts thereof
#4 Designates all parts and derivatives, except:
a) seeds and pollen;
b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid
media, transported in sterile containers;
c) fruits and parts and derivatives thereof of naturalized or
artificially propagated plants; and
d) separate stem joints (pads) and parts and derivatives thereof of
naturalized or artificially propagated plants of the genus Opuntia
subgenus Opuntia
#5 Designates saw-logs, sawn wood and veneers
#6 Designates logs, wood-chips and unprocessed broken material
#7 Designates all parts and derivatives, except:
a) seeds and pollen (including pollinia);
b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid
media, transported in sterile containers;
c) cut flowers of artificially propagated plants; and
d) fruits and parts and derivatives thereof of artificially propagated
plants of the genus Vanilla
#8 Designates all parts and derivatives, except:
a) seeds and pollen;
b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid
media, transported in sterile containers; and
c) finished pharmaceutical products
12. As none of the species or higher taxa of FLORA included in Appendix
I is annotated to the effect that its hybrids shall be treated in
accordance with the provisions of Article III of the Convention,
this means that artificially propagated hybrids produced from one
or more of these species or taxa may be traded with a certificate
of artificial propagation, and that seeds and pollen (including
pollinia), cut flowers, seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro,
in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers of these
hybrids are not subject to the provisions of the Convention.
F A U N A
CHORDATA
MAMMALIA
MONOTREMATA
Tachyglossidae Zaglossus spp.
DASYUROMORPHIA
Dasyuridae Sminthopsis longicaudata
Sminthopsis psammophila
Thylacinidae Thylacinus cynocephalus p.e.
PERAMELEMORPHIA
Peramelidae Chaeropus ecaudatus p.e.
Macrotis lagotis
Macrotis leucura
Perameles bougainville
DIPROTODONTIA
Phalangeridae Phalanger orientalis
Spilocuscus maculatus =301
Burramyidae Burramys parvus
Vombatidae Lasiorhinus krefftiiz
Macropodidae Dendrolagus bennettianus
Dendrolagus inustus
Dendrolagus lumholtzi
Dendrolagus ursinus
Lagorchestes hirsutus
Lagostrophus fasciatus
Onychogalea fraenata
Onychogalea lunata
Potoroidae Bettongia spp.
Caloprymnus campestris p.e.
CHIROPTERA
Pteropodidae Acerodon spp.
Acerodon jubatus
Acerodon lucifer p.e.
Pteropus spp. *
Pteropus insularis
Pteropus mariannus
Pteropus molossinus
Pteropus phaeocephalus
Pteropus pilosus
Pteropus samoensis
Pteropus tonganus
PRIMATES PRIMATES spp. * =302
Lemuridae Lemuridae spp.
Megaladapidae Megaladapidae spp. =303
Cheirogaleidae Cheirogaleidae spp.
Indridae Indridae spp.
Daubentoniidae Daubentonia madagascariensis
Callithricidae Callimico goeldii
Callithrix aurita =304
Callithrix flaviceps =304
Leontopithecus spp. =305
Saguinus bicolor
Saguinus geoffroyi =306
Saguinus leucopus
Saguinus oedipus
Cebidae Alouatta palliata
Alouatta pigra =307
Ateles geoffroyi frontatus
Ateles geoffroyi panamensis
Brachyteles arachnoides
Cacajao spp.
Chiropotes albinasus
Lagothrix flavicauda
Saimiri oerstedii
Cercopithecidae Cercocebus galeritus galeritus
Cercopithecus diana =308
Macaca silenus
Mandrillus leucophaeus =309
Mandrillus sphinx =309
Nasalis concolor =310
Nasalis larvatus
Presbytis potenziani
Procolobus pennantii kirkii =311
Procolobus rufomitratus =312
Pygathrix spp. =313
Semnopithecus entellus =314
Trachypithecus geei =315
Trachypithecus pileatus =316
Hylobatidae Hylobatidae spp.
Hominidae Gorilla gorilla
Pan spp.
Pongo pygmaeus
XENARTHRA
Myrmecophagidae Myrmecophaga tridactyla
Bradypodidae Bradypus variegatus =317
Dasypodidae Priodontes maximus =318
PHOLIDOTA
Manidae Manis spp.
LAGOMORPHA
Leporidae Caprolagus hispidus
Romerolagus diazi
RODENTIA
Sciuridae Cynomys mexicanus
Ratufa spp.
Muridae Leporillus conditor
Pseudomys praeconis
Xeromys myoides
Zyzomys pedunculatus
Chinchillidae Chinchilla spp. °501
CETACEA CETACEA spp. *
Platanistidae Lipotes vexillifer
Platanista spp.
Ziphiidae Berardius spp.
Hyperoodon spp.
Physeteridae Physeter catodon =319
Delphinidae Sotalia spp.
Sousa spp.
Phocoenidae Neophocaena phocaenoides
Phocoena sinus
Eschrichtiidae Eschrichtius robustus =320
Balaenopteridae Balaenoptera acutorostrata ** -101
Balaenoptera borealis
Balaenoptera edeni
Balaenoptera musculus
Balaenoptera physalus
Megaptera novaeangliae
Balaenidae Balaena mysticetus
Eubalaena spp. =321
Neobalaenidae Caperea marginata
CARNIVORA
Canidae Canis lupus ** +201 Canis lupus * -102
Cerdocyon thous =322
Chrysocyon brachyurus
Cuon alpinus
Pseudalopex culpaeus =322
Pseudalopex griseus =323
Pseudalopex gymnocercus 322
Speothos venaticus
Vulpes cana
Vulpes zerda =324
Ursidae Ursidae spp. *
Ailuropoda melanoleuca
Ailurus fulgens
Helarctos malayanus
Melursus ursinus
Tremarctos ornatus
Ursus arctos ** +202
Ursus arctos isabellinus
Ursus thibetanus =325
Mustelidae Aonyx congicus ** +203 =326
Conepatus humboldtii
Enhydra lutris nereis
Lontra felina =327
Lontra longicaudis =328
Lontra provocax =327
Lutra lutra
Lutrinae spp. *
Mustela nigripes
Pteronura brasiliensis
Viverridae Cryptoprocta ferox
Cynogale bennettii
Eupleres goudotii =329
Fossa fossana
Hemigalus derbyanus
Prionodon linsang
Prionodon pardicolor
Hyaenidae Parahyaena brunnea =330
Felidae Felidae spp. *
Acinonyx jubatus °502
Caracal caracal ** +204 =331
Catopuma temmincki =332
Felis nigripes
Herpailurus yagouaroundi ** +205 =332
Leopardus pardalis =332
Leopardus tigrinus =332
Leopardus wiedii =332
Lynx pardinus =333
Neofelis nebulosa
Oncifelis geoffroyi =332
Oreailurus jacobita =332
Panthera leo persica
Panthera onca
Panthera pardus
Panthera tigris
Pardofelis marmorata =332
Prionailurus bengalensis bengalensis **
+206 =332
Prionailurus planiceps =332
Prionailurus rubiginosus ** +207 332
Puma concolor coryi =332
Puma concolor costaricensis =332
Puma concolor couguar =332
Uncia uncia =334
Otariidae Arctocephalus spp. *
Arctocephalus townsendi
Phocidae Mirounga leonina
Monachus spp.
PROBOSCIDEA
Elephantidae Elephas maximus
Loxodonta africana
SIRENIA
Dugongidae Dugong dugon ** -103
Dugong dugon * +208
Trichechidae Trichechus inunguis
Trichechus manatus
Trichechus senegalensis
PERISSODACTYLA
Equidae Equus africanus =335
Equus grevyi
Equus hemionus *
Equus hemionus hemionus
Equus kiang =336
Equus onager * =336
Equus onager khur =336
Equus przewalskii =337
Equus zebra hartmannae
Equus zebra zebra
Tapiridae Tapiridae spp. **
Tapirus terrestris
Rhinocerotidae Rhinocerotidae spp. **
Ceratotherium simum simum * +209 °503
ARTIODACTYLA
Suidae Babyrousa babyrussa
Sus salvanius
Tayassuidae Tayassuidae spp. * -104
Catagonus wagneri
Hippopotamidae Hexaprotodon liberiensis = 338
Hippopotamus amphibius
Camelidae Lama guanicoe
Vicugna vicugna ** -105 Vicugna vicugna * +210 °504
Moschidae Moschus spp. ** +211
Moschus spp. * -106
Cervidae Axis porcinus annamiticus =339
Axis porcinus calamianensis =340
Axis porcinus kuhli =341
Blastocerus dichotomus
Dama mesopotamica =342
Cervus duvaucelii
Cervus elaphus bactrianus
Cervus elaphus hanglu
Cervus eldii
Hippocamelus spp.
Megamuntiacus vuquanghensis
Muntiacus crinifrons
Ozotoceros bezoarticus
Pudu mephistophiles
Pudu pudu
Antilocapridae Antilocapra americana +212
Bovidae Addax nasomaculatus
Ammotragus lervia
Bison bison athabascae
Bos gaurus =343
Bos mutus =344 °501
Bos sauveli =345
Bubalus depressicornis =346
Bubalus mindorensis =346
Bubalus quarlesi =346
Budorcas taxicolor
Capra falconeri
Cephalophus dorsalis
Cephalophus jentinki
Cephalophus monticola
Cephalophus ogilbyi
Cephalophus silvicultor
Cephalophus zebra
Damaliscus pygargus dorcas =347
Gazella dama
Hippotragus niger variani
Kobus leche
Naemorhedus baileyi =348
Naemorhedus caudatus =348
Naemorhedus goral
Naemorhedus sumatraensis =349
Oryx dammah =350
Oryx leucoryx
Ovis ammon *
Ovis ammon hodgsonii
Ovis canadensis +212
Ovis orientalis ophion =351
Ovis vignei
Pantholops hodgsoni
Pseudoryx nghetinhensis
Rupicapra pyrenaica ornata =352
Saiga tatarica
AVES
STRUTHIONIFORMES
Struthionidae Struthio camelus +213
RHEIFORMES
Rheidae Rhea americana
Rhea pennata = 353
TINAMIFORMES
Tinamidae Tinamus solitarius
SPHENISCIFORMES
Spheniscidae Spheniscus demersus
Spheniscus humboldti
PODICIPEDIFORMES
Podicipedidae Podilymbus gigas
PROCELLARIIFORMES
Diomedeidae Diomedea albatrus
PELECANIFORMES
Pelecanidae Pelecanus crispus
Sulidae Papasula abbotti =354
Fregatidae Fregata andrewsi
CICONIIFORMES
Balaenicipitidae Balaeniceps rex
Ciconiidae Ciconia boyciana =355
Ciconia nigra
Jabiru mycteria
Mycteria cinerea
Threskiornithidae Eudocimus ruber
Geronticus calvus
Geronticus eremita
Nipponia nippon
Platalea leucorodia
Phoenicopteridae Phoenicopteridae spp.
ANSERIFORMES
Anatidae Anas aucklandica =356
Anas bernieri
Anas formosa
Anas laysanensis =357
Anas oustaleti =358
Branta canadensis leucopareia
Branta ruficollis
Branta sandvicensis
Cairina scutulata
Coscoroba coscoroba
Cygnus melanocorypha
Dendrocygna arborea
Oxyura leucocephala
Rhodonessa caryophyllacea p.e.
Sarkidiornis melanotos
FALCONIFORMES FALCONIFORMES spp. * -107
Cathartidae Gymnogyps californianus
Vultur gryphus
Accipitridae Aquila adalberti =359
Aquila heliaca
Chondrohierax uncinatus wilsonii =360
Haliaeetus albicilla
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Harpia harpyja
Pithecophaga jefferyi
Falconidae Falco araea
Falco jugger
Falco newtoni +214
Falco pelegrinoides =361
Falco peregrinus
Falco punctatus
Falco rusticolus
GALLIFORMES
Megapodiidae Macrocephalon maleo
Cracidae Crax blumenbachii
Mitu mitu mitu =362
Oreophasis derbianus
Penelope albipennis
Pipile jacutinga =363
Pipile pipile pipile =363
Phasianidae Argusianus argus
Catreus wallichii
Colinus virginianus ridgwayi
Crossoptilon crossoptilon
Crossoptilon harmani =364
Crossoptilon mantchuricum
Gallus sonneratii
Ithaginis cruentus
Lophophorus impejanus
Lophophorus lhuysii
Lophophorus sclateri
Lophura edwardsi
Lophura imperialis
Lophura swinhoii
Pavo muticus
Polyplectron bicalcaratum
Polyplectron emphanum
Polyplectron germaini
Polyplectron malacense
Polyplectron schleiermacheri =365
Rheinardia ocellata =366
Syrmaticus ellioti
Syrmaticus humiae
Syrmaticus mikado
Tetraogallus caspius
Tetraogallus tibetanus
Tragopan blythii
Tragopan caboti
Tragopan melanocephalus
Tympanuchus cupido attwateri
GRUIFORMES
Turnicidae Turnix melanogaster
Pedionomidae Pedionomus torquatus
Gruidae Gruidae spp. *
Grus americana
Grus canadensis nesiotes
Grus canadensis pulla
Grus japonensis
Grus leucogeranus
Grus monacha
Grus nigricollis
Grus vipio
Rallidae Gallirallus australis hectori
Gallirallus sylvestris =367
Rhynochetidae Rhynochetos jubatus
Otididae Otididae spp. *
Ardeotis nigriceps =368
Chlamydotis undulata
Eupodotis bengalensis =369
CHARADRIIFORMES
Scolopacidae Numenius borealis
Numenius tenuirostris
Tringa guttifer
Laridae Larus relictus
COLUMBIFORMES
Columbidae Caloenas nicobarica
Ducula mindorensis
Gallicolumba luzonica
Goura spp.
PSITTACIFORMES PSITTACIFORMES spp. * -108
Psittacidae Amazona arausiaca
Amazona barbadensis
Amazona brasiliensis
Amazona guildingii
Amazona imperialis
Amazona leucocephala
Amazona pretrei
Amazona rhodocorytha =370
Amazona tucumana
Amazona versicolor
Amazona vinacea
Amazona vittata
Anodorhynchus spp.
Ara ambigua
Ara glaucogularis =371
Ara macao
Ara maracana
Ara militaris
Ara rubrogenys
Aratinga guarouba
Cacatua goffini
Cacatua haematuropygia
Cacatua moluccensis
Cyanopsitta spixii
Cyanoramphus auriceps forbesi
Cyanoramphus cookii =372
Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae
Cyclopsitta diophthalma coxeni =373
Eos histrio
Geopsittacus occidentalis p.e. =374
Neophema chrysogaster
Ognorhynchus icterotis
Pezoporus wallicus
Pionopsitta pileata
Probosciger aterrimus
Psephotus chrysopterygius
Psephotus dissimilis =375
Psephotus pulcherrimus p.e.
Psittacula echo =376
Pyrrhura cruentata
Rhynchopsitta spp.
Strigops habroptilus
CUCULIFORMES
Musophagidae Musophaga porphyreolophus =377
Tauraco spp.
STRIGIFORMES STRIGIFORMES spp. *
Tytonidae Tyto soumagnei
Strigidae Athene blewitti
Mimizuku gurneyi =378
Ninox novaeseelandiae undulata =379
Ninox squamipila natalis
APODIFORMES
Trochilidae Trochilidae spp. *
Ramphodon dohrnii =380
TROGONIFORMES
Trogonidae Pharomachrus mocinno
CORACIIFORMES
Bucerotidae Aceros spp. *
Aceros nipalensis
Aceros subruficollis
Anorrhinus spp. =381
Anthracoceros spp.
Buceros spp. *
Buceros bicornis
Buceros vigil =382
Penelopides spp.
PICIFORMES
Ramphastidae Pteroglossus aracari
Pteroglossus viridis
Ramphastos sulfuratus
Ramphastos toco
Ramphastos tucanus
Ramphastos vitellinus
Picidae Campephilus imperialis
Dryocopus javensis richardsi
PASSERIFORMES
Cotingidae Cotinga maculata
Rupicola spp.
Xipholena atropurpurea
Pittidae Pitta guajana
Pitta gurneyi
Pitta kochi
Pitta nympha =383
Atrichornithidae Atrichornis clamosus
Hirundinidae Pseudochelidon sirintarae
Muscicapidae Cyornis ruckii =384
Dasyornis broadbenti litoralis p.e.
Dasyornis longirostris =385
Picathartes gymnocephalus
Picathartes oreas
Zosteropidae Zosterops albogularis
Meliphagidae Lichenostomus melanops cassidix =386
Emberizidae Gubernatrix cristata
Paroaria capitata
Paroaria coronata
Icteridae Agelaius flavus
Fringillidae Carduelis cucullata =387
Carduelis yarrellii =387
Estrildidae Poephila cincta cincta
Sturnidae Leucopsar rothschildi
Paradisaeidae Paradisaeidae spp.
REPTILIA
TESTUDINATA
Dermatemydidae Dermatemys mawii
Emydidae Batagur baska
Clemmys insculpta
Clemmys muhlenbergi
Geoclemys hamiltonii
Kachuga tecta =388
Melanochelys tricarinata =389
Morenia ocellata
Terrapene spp. *
Terrapene coahuila
Testudinidae Testudinidae spp. *
Geochelone nigra =390
Geochelone radiata =391
Geochelone yniphora =391
Gopherus flavomarginatus
Psammobates geometricus =391
Testudo kleinmanni
Cheloniidae Cheloniidae spp.
Dermochelyidae Dermochelys coriacea
Trionychidae Lissemys punctata
Trionyx ater =392
Trionyx gangeticus =392
Trionyx hurum =392
Trionyx nigricans =392
Pelomedusidae Erymnochelys madagascariensis =393
Peltocephalus dumeriliana =393
Podocnemis spp.
Chelidae Pseudemydura umbrina
CROCODYLIA CROCODYLIA spp. * =394
Alligatoridae Alligator sinensis
Caiman crocodilus apaporiensis
Caiman latirostris
Melanosuchus niger ** -109
Crocodylidae Crocodylus acutus
Crocodylus cataphractus
Crocodylus intermedius
Crocodylus moreletii
Crocodylus niloticus ** -110
Crocodylus novaeguineae mindorensis =395
Crocodylus palustris
Crocodylus porosus ** -111
Crocodylus rhombifer
Crocodylus siamensis
Osteolaemus tetraspis
Tomistoma schlegelii
Gavialidae Gavialis gangeticus
RHYNCHOCEPHALIA
Sphenodontidae Sphenodon spp.
SAURIA
Gekkonidae Cyrtodactylus serpensinsula
Phelsuma spp.
Agamidae Uromastyx spp.
Chamaeleonidae Bradypodion spp. =396
Chamaeleo spp.
Iguanidae Amblyrhynchus cristatus
Brachylophus spp.
Conolophus spp.
Cyclura spp.
Iguana spp.
Phrynosoma coronatum
Sauromalus varius
Lacertidae Gallotia simonyi
Podarcis lilfordi
Podarcis pityusensis
Cordylidae Cordylus spp.
Pseudocordylus spp.
Teiidae Cnemidophorus hyperythrus
Crocodilurus lacertinus
Dracaena spp.
Tupinambis spp.
Scincidae Corucia zebrata
Xenosauridae Shinisaurus crocodilurus
Helodermatidae Heloderma spp.
Varanidae Varanus spp. *
Varanus bengalensis
Varanus flavescens
Varanus griseus
Varanus komodoensis
SERPENTES
Boidae Boidae spp. *
Acrantophis spp.
Boa constrictor occidentalis =397
Bolyeria multocarinata
Casarea dussumieri
Epicrates inornatus
Epicrates monensis
Epicrates subflavus
Python molurus molurus =398
Sanzinia madagascariensis
Colubridae Clelia clelia =399
Cyclagras gigas =400
Elachistodon westermanni
Ptyas mucosus
Elapidae Hoplocephalus bungaroides
Naja naja
Ophiophagus hannah
Viperidae Vipera ursinii +215
Vipera wagneri
AMPHIBIA
CAUDATA
Ambystomidae Ambystoma dumerilii
Ambystoma mexicanum
Cryptobranchidae Andrias spp. =401
ANURA
Bufonidae Atelopus varius zeteki
Bufo periglenes
Bufo retiformis
Bufo superciliaris
Nectophrynoides spp.
Myobatrachidae Rheobatrachus spp.
Dendrobatidae Dendrobates spp.
Phyllobates spp.
Ranidae Mantella aurantiaca
Rana hexadactyla
Rana tigerina
Microhylidae Dyscophus antongilii
PISCES
CERATODONTIFORMES
Ceratodontidae Neoceratodus forsteri
COELACANTHIFORMES
Latimeriidae Latimeria chalumnae
ACIPENSERIFORMES
Acipenseridae Acipenser brevirostrum
Acipenser oxyrhynchus
Acipenser sturio
Polyodontidae Polyodon spathula
OSTEOGLOSSIFORMES
Osteoglossidae Arapaima gigas
Scleropages formosus
CYPRINIFORMES
Cyprinidae Caecobarbus geertsi
Probarbus jullieni
Catostomidae Chasmistes cujus
SILURIFORMES
Pangasiidae Pangasianodon gigas
PERCIFORMES
Sciaenidae Cynoscion macdonaldi
ARTHROPODA
INSECTA
LEPIDOPTERA
Papilionidae Bhutanitis spp.
Ornithoptera spp. * =402
Ornithoptera alexandrae
Papilio chikae
Papilio homerus
Papilio hospiton
Parnassius apollo
Teinopalpus spp.
Trogonoptera spp. =402
Troides spp. =402
ARACHNIDA
SCORPIONES
Scorpionidae Pandinus dictator
Pandinus gambiensis
Pandinus imperator
ARANEAE
Theraphosidae Brachypelma spp.
ANNELIDA
HIRUDINOIDEA
ARHYNCHOBDELLAE
Hirudinidae Hirudo medicinalis
MOLLUSCA
BIVALVIA
VENEROIDA
Tridacnidae Tridacnidae spp.
UNIONOIDA
Unionidae Conradilla caelata
Cyprogenia aberti
Dromus dromas =403
Epioblasma curtisi =404
Epioblasma florentina =404
Epioblasma sampsoni =404
Epioblasma sulcata perobliqua =404
Epioblasma torulosa gubernaculum=404
Epioblasma torulosa rangiana =404
Epioblasma torulosa torulosa =404
Epioblasma turgidula =404
Epioblasma walkeri =404
Fusconaia cuneolus
Fusconaia edgariana
Fusconaia subrotunda
Lampsilis brevicula
Lampsilis higginsii
Lampsilis orbiculata orbiculata
Lampsilis satur
Lampsilis virescens
Lexingtonia dolabelloides
Plethobasus cicatricosus
Plethobasus cooperianus
Pleurobema clava
Pleurobema plenum
Potamilus capax =405
Quadrula intermedia
Quadrula sparsa
Toxolasma cylindrella =406
Unio nickliniana =407
Unio tampicoensis tecomatensis =408
Villosa trabalis =409
GASTROPODA
STYLOMMATOPHORA
Achatinellidae Achatinella spp.
Camaenidae Papustyla pulcherrima =410
Paryphantidae Paryphanta spp. +216
MESOGASTROPODA
Strombidae Strombus gigas
CNIDARIA
ANTHOZOA
COENOTHECALIA COENOTHECALIA spp. =411 °505
STOLONIFERA
Tubiporidae Tubiporidae spp. °505
ANTIPATHARIA ANTIPATHARIA spp.
SCLERACTINIA SCLERACTINIA spp. °505
HYDROZOA
MILLEPORINA
Milleporidae Milleporidae spp. °505
STYLASTERINA
Stylasteridae Stylasteridae spp. °505
F L O R A
AGAVACEAE Agave arizonica
Agave parviflora
Agave victoriae-reginae #1
Nolina interrata
AMARYLLIDACEAE Galanthus spp. #1
Sternbergia spp. #1
APOCYNACEAE Pachypodium spp. * °506 #1
Pachypodium ambongense
Pachypodium baronii
Pachypodium decaryi
Rauvolfia serpentina #2
ARALIACEAE Panax quinquefolius #3
ARAUCARIACEAE Araucaria araucana ** +217
Araucaria araucana * -112 #1
ASCLEPIADACEAE Ceropegia spp. #1
Frerea indica #1
BERBERIDACEAE #2 Podophyllum hexandrum =412
BROMELIACEAE Tillandsia harrisii #1
Tillandsia kammii #1
Tillandsia kautskyi #1
Tillandsia mauryana #1
Tillandsia sprengeliana #1
Tillandsia sucrei #1
Tillandsia xerographica #1
BYBLIDACEAE Byblis spp. #1
CACTACEAE CACTACEAE spp. * #4
Ariocarpus spp.
Astrophytum asterias =413
Aztekium ritteri
Coryphantha werdermannii
Discocactus spp.
Disocactus macdougallii =414
Echinocereus ferreirianus
var. lindsayi =415
Echinocereus schmollii =416
Escobaria minima =417
Escobaria sneedii =417
Mammillaria pectinifera =418
Mammillaria solisioides
Melocactus conoideus
Melocactus deinacanthus
Melocactus glaucescens
Melocactus paucispinus
Obregonia denegrii
Pachycereus militaris =419
Pediocactus bradyi =420
Pediocactus despainii
Pediocactus knowltonii =420
Pediocactus paradinei
Pediocactus peeblesianus =420
Pediocactus sileri
Pediocactus winkleri
Pelecyphora spp.
Sclerocactus brevihamatus =421
Sclerocactus erectocentrus =422
Sclerocactus glaucus
Sclerocactus mariposensis =422
Sclerocactus mesae-verdae
Sclerocactus papyracanthus =423
Sclerocactus pubispinus
Sclerocactus wrightiae
Strombocactus disciformis
Turbinicarpus spp. =424
Uebelmannia spp.
CARYOCARACEAE Caryocar costaricense #1
CEPHALOTACEAE Cephalotus follicularis #1
COMPOSITAE Saussurea costus =425
(ASTERACEAE)
CRASSULACEAE Dudleya stolonifera
Dudleya traskiae
CUPRESSACEAE Fitzroya cupressoides
Pilgerodendron uviferum
CYATHEACEAE CYATHEACEAE spp. #1
CYCADACEAE CYCADACEAE spp. * #1
Cycas beddomei
DIAPENSIACEAE Shortia galacifolia #1
DICKSONIACEAE DICKSONIACEAE spp. #1
DIDIEREACEAE DIDIEREACEAE spp. #1
DIOSCOREACEAE Dioscorea deltoidea #1
DROSERACEAE Dionaea muscipula #1
ERICACEAE Kalmia cuneata #1
EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia spp. -113 #1
Euphorbia ambovombensis
Euphorbia cremersii
Euphorbia cylindrifolia =426
Euphorbia decaryi
Euphorbia francoisii
Euphorbia moratii
Euphorbia parvicyathophora
Euphorbia quartziticola
Euphorbia tulearensis =427
FOUQUIERIACEAE Fouquieria columnaris #1
Fouquieria fasciculata
Fouquieria purpusii
JUGLANDACEAE Oreomunnea pterocarpa =428 #1
LEGUMINOSAE Dalbergia nigra
(FABACEAE) Pericopsis elata #5
Platymiscium pleiostachyum #1
Pterocarpus santalinus #6
LILIACEAE Aloe spp. * -114 #1
Aloe albida
Aloe albiflora
Aloe alfredii
Aloe bakeri
Aloe bellatula
Aloe calcairophila
Aloe compressa =429
Aloe delphinensis
Aloe descoingsii
Aloe fragilis
Aloe haworthioides =430
Aloe helenae
Aloe laeta =431
Aloe parallelifolia
Aloe parvula
Aloe pillansii
Aloe polyphylla
Aloe rauhii
Aloe suzannae
Aloe thorncroftii
Aloe versicolor
Aloe vossii
MELIACEAE Swietenia humilis #1
Swietenia mahagoni #5
NEPENTHACEAE Nepenthes spp. * #1
Nepenthes khasiana
Nepenthes rajah
ORCHIDACEAE ORCHIDACEAE spp. * =432 #7
Cattleya trianae °507
Dendrobium cruentum °507
Laelia jongheana °507
Laelia lobata °507
Paphiopedilum spp. °507
Peristeria elata °507
Phragmipedium spp. °507
Renanthera imschootiana °507
Vanda coerulea °507
PALMAE Chrysalidocarpus
(ARECACEAE) decipiens #1
Neodypsis decaryi #1
PINACEAE Abies guatemalensis
PODOCARPACEAE Podocarpus parlatorei
PORTULACACEAE Anacampseros spp. #1
Lewisia cotyledon #1
Lewisia maguirei #1
Lewisia serrata #1
Lewisia tweedyi #1
PRIMULACEAE Cyclamen spp. #1
PROTEACEAE Orothamnus zeyheri
Protea odorata
ROSACEAE Prunus africana #1
RUBIACEAE Balmea stormiae
SARRACENIACEAE Darlingtonia californica #1
Sarracenia spp. * #1
Sarracenia alabamensis
alabamensis =433
Sarracenia jonesii =434
Sarracenia oreophila
STANGERIACEAE Stangeria eriopus =435
TAXACEAE Taxus wallichiana =436 #8
THEACEAE Camellia chrysantha #1
THYMELEACEAE
(AQUILARIACEAE) Aquilaria malaccensis #1
WELWITSCHIACEAE Welwitschia mirabilis =437 #1
ZAMIACEAE ZAMIACEAE spp. * #1
Ceratozamia spp.
Chigua spp.
Encephalartos spp.
Microcycas calocoma
ZINGIBERACEAE Hedychium philippinense #1
ZYGOPHYLLACEAE Guaiacum officinale #1
Guaiacum sanctum #1
APPENDIX III
Valid from 16 November 1995
INTERPRETATION
1. References to taxa higher than species are for the purpose of
information or classification only.
2. The symbol (+) followed by a number placed against the name of
a species denotes that only designated geographically separate
populations of that species are included in Appendix III as
follows:
+218 All populations of the species in the Americas
3. The symbol (=) followed by a number placed against the name of
a species denotes that the name of that species shall be
interpreted as follows:
=438 Includes synonym Tamandua mexicana
=439 Includes synonym Cabassous gymnurus
=440 Includes generic synonym Coendou
=441 Includes generic synonym Cuniculus
=442 Includes synonym Vulpes vulpes leucopus
=443 Formerly included as Nasua nasua
=444 Includes synonym Galictis allamandi
=445 Includes synonym Martes gwatkinsi
=446 Includes generic synonym Viverra
=447 Formerly included as Viverra megaspila
=448 Formerly included as Herpestes auropunctatus
=449 Formerly included as Herpestes fuscus
=450 Formerly included as Bubalus bubalis (domesticated form)
=451 Also referenced as Boocercus eurycerus; includes generic
synonym Taurotragus
=452 Also referenced as Ardeola ibis
=453 Also referenced as Egretta alba
=454 Also referenced as Hagedashia hagedash
=455 Also referenced as Lampribis rara
=456 Also referenced as Spatula clypeata
=457 Also referenced as Nyroca nyroca
=458 Includes synonym Dendrocygna fulva
=459 Also referenced as Cairina hartlaubii
=460 Also referenced as Crax pauxi
=461 Formerly included as Arborophila brunneopectus (in part)
=462 Also referenced as Turturoena iriditorques; formerly
included as Columba malherbii (in part)
=463 Also referenced as Nesoenas mayeri
=464 Formerly included as Treron australis (in part)
=465 Also referenced as Calopelia brehmeri; includes synonym
Calopelia puella
=466 Also referenced as Tympanistria tympanistria
=467 Also referenced as Tchitrea bourbonnensis
=468 Formerly included as Serinus gularis (in part)
=469 Also referenced as Estrilda subflava or Sporaeginthus
subflavus
=470 Formerly included as Lagonosticta larvata (in part)
=471 Includes generic synonym Spermestes
=472 Also referenced as Euodice cantans; formerly included as
Lonchura malabarica (in part)
=473 Also referenced as Hypargos nitidulus
=474 Formerly included as Parmoptila woodhousei (in part)
=475 Includes synonyms Pyrenestes frommi and Pyrenestes
rothschildi
=476 Also referenced as Estrilda bengala
=477 Also referenced as Malimbus rubriceps or Anaplectes
melanotis
=478 Also referenced as Coliuspasser ardens
=479 Formerly included as Euplectes orix (in part)
=480 Also referenced as Coliuspasser macrourus
=481 Also referenced as Ploceus superciliosus
=482 Includes synonym Ploceus nigriceps
=483 Also referenced as Sitagra luteola
=484 Also referenced as Sitagra melanocephala
=485 Formerly included as Ploceus velatus
=486 Also referenced as Hypochera chalybeata; includes
synonyms Vidua amauropteryx, Vidua centralis, Vidua
neumanni, Vidua okavangoensis and Vidua ultramarina
=487 Formerly included as Vidua paradisaea (in part)
=488 Also referenced as Pelusios subniger
=489 Formerly included in genus Natrix
4. The names of the countries placed against the names of species
are those of the Parties submitting these species for inclusion
in this appendix.
5. Any animal, whether live or dead, of a species listed in this
appendix, is covered by the provisions of the Convention, as is
any readily recognizable part or derivative thereof.
6. In accordance with Article I, paragraph (b), sub-paragraph (iii),
of the Convention, the symbol (#) followed by a number placed
against the name of a plant species included in Appendix III
designates parts or derivatives which are specified in relation
thereto for the purposes of the Convention as follows:
#1 Designates all readily recognizable parts and derivatives,
except:
a) seeds, spores and pollen (including pollinia); and
b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or
liquid media, transported in sterile containers
#5 Designates saw-logs, sawn wood and veneers.
F A U N A
MAMMALIA
CHIROPTERA
Phyllostomidae Vampyrops lineatus Uruguay
EDENTATA
Myrmecophagidae Tamandua tetradactyla =438 Guatemala
Megalonychidae Choloepus hoffmanni Costa Rica
Dasypodidae Cabassous centralis Costa Rica
Cabassous tatouay =439 Uruguay
RODENTIA
Sciuridae Epixerus ebii Ghana
Marmota caudata India
Marmota himalayana India
Sciurus deppei Costa Rica
Anomaluridae Anomalurus beecrofti Ghana
Anomalurus derbianus Ghana
Anomalurus pelii Ghana
Idiurus macrotis Ghana
Hystricidae Hystrix cristata Ghana
Erethizontidae Sphiggurus mexicanus =440 Honduras
Sphiggurus spinosus =440 Uruguay
Agoutidae Agouti paca =441 Honduras
Dasyproctidae Dasyprocta punctata Honduras
CARNIVORA
Canidae Canis aureus India
Vulpes bengalensis India
Vulpes vulpes griffithi India
Vulpes vulpes montana India
Vulpes vulpes pusilla =442 India
Procyonidae Bassaricyon gabbii Costa Rica
Bassariscus sumichrasti Costa Rica
Nasua narica =443 Honduras
Nasua nasua solitaria Uruguay
Potos flavus Honduras
Mustelidae Eira barbara Honduras
Galictis vittata =444 Costa Rica
Martes flavigula =445 India
Martes foina intermedia India
Mellivora capensis Botswana, Ghana
Mustela altaica India
Mustela erminea ferghanae India
Mustela kathiah India
Mustela sibirica India
Viverridae Arctictis binturong India
Civettictis civetta =446 Botswana
Paguma larvata India
Paradoxurus hermaphroditus India
Paradoxurus jerdoni India
Viverra civettina =447 India
Viverra zibetha India
Viverricula indica India
Herpestidae Herpestes javanicus auropunctata =448 India
Herpestes edwardsi India
Herpestes brachyurus fusca =449 India
Herpestes smithii India
Herpestes urva India
Herpestes vitticollis India
Protelidae Proteles cristatus Botswana
PINNIPEDIA
Odobenidae Odobenus rosmarus Canada
ARTIODACTYLA
Tragulidae Hyemoschus aquaticus Ghana
Cervidae Cervus elaphus barbarus Tunisia
Mazama americana cerasina Guatemala
Odocoileus virginianus mayensis Guatemala
Bovidae Antilope cervicapra Nepal
Bubalus arnee =450 Nepal
Damaliscus lunatus Ghana
Gazella cuvieri Tunisia
Gazella dorcas Tunisia
Gazella leptoceros Tunisia
Tetracerus quadricornis Nepal
Tragelaphus eurycerus =451 Ghana
Tragelaphus spekii Ghana
AVES
CICONIIFORMES
Ardeidae Ardea goliath Ghana
Bubulcus ibis =452 Ghana
Casmerodius albus =453 Ghana
Egretta garzetta Ghana
Ciconiidae Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis Ghana
Leptoptilos crumeniferus Ghana
Threskiornithidae Bostrychia hagedash =454 Ghana
Bostrychia rara =455 Ghana
Threskiornis aethiopicus Ghana
ANSERIFORMES
Anatidae Alopochen aegyptiacus Ghana
Anas acuta Ghana
Anas capensis Ghana
Anas clypeata =456 Ghana
Anas crecca Ghana
Anas penelope Ghana
Anas querquedula Ghana
Aythya nyroca =457 Ghana
Cairina moschata Honduras
Dendrocygna autumnalis Honduras
Dendrocygna bicolor =458 Ghana, Honduras
Dendrocygna viduata Ghana
Nettapus auritus Ghana
Plectropterus gambensis Ghana
Pteronetta hartlaubii =459 Ghana
FALCONIFORMES
Cathartidae Sarcoramphus papa Honduras
GALLIFORMES
Cracidae Crax alberti Colombia
Crax daubentoni Colombia
Crax globulosa Colombia
Crax rubra Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras
Ortalis vetula Guatemala, Honduras
Pauxi pauxi =460 Colombia
Penelope purpurascens Honduras
Penelopina nigra Guatemala
Phasianidae Agelastes meleagrides Ghana
Agriocharis ocellata Guatemala
Arborophila charltonii Malaysia
Arborophila orientalis =461 Malaysia
Caloperdix oculea Malaysia
Lophura erythrophthalma Malaysia
Lophura ignita Malaysia
Melanoperdix nigra Malaysia
Polyplectron inopinatum Malaysia
Rhizothera longirostris Malaysia
Rollulus rouloul Malaysia
Tragopan satyra Nepal
CHARADRIIFORMES
Burhinidae Burhinus bistriatus Guatemala
COLUMBIFORMES
Columbidae Columba guinea Ghana
Columba iriditorques =462 Ghana
Columba livia Ghana
Columba mayeri =463 Mauritius
Columba unicincta Ghana
Oena capensis Ghana
Streptopelia decipiens Ghana
Streptopelia roseogrisea Ghana
Streptopelia semitorquata Ghana
Streptopelia senegalensis Ghana
Streptopelia turtur Ghana
Streptopelia vinacea Ghana
Treron calva =464 Ghana
Treron waalia Ghana
Turtur abyssinicus Ghana
Turtur afer Ghana
Turtur brehmeri =465 Ghana
Turtur tympanistria =466 Ghana
PSITTACIFORMES
Psittacidae Psittacula krameri Ghana
CUCULIFORMES
Musophagidae Corythaeola cristata Ghana
Crinifer piscator Ghana
Musophaga violacea Ghana
PICIFORMES
Capitonidae Semnornis ramphastinus Colombia
Ramphastidae Baillonius bailloni Argentina
Pteroglossus castanotis Argentina
Ramphastos dicolorus Argentina
Selenidera maculirostris Argentina
PASSERIFORMES
Cotingidae Cephalopterus ornatus Colombia
Cephalopterus penduliger Colombia
Muscicapidae Bebrornis rodericanus Mauritius
Terpsiphone bourbonnensis =467 Mauritius
Fringillidae Serinus canicapillus =468 Ghana
Serinus leucopygius Ghana
Serinus mozambicus Ghana
Estrildidae Amadina fasciata Ghana
Amandava subflava =469 Ghana
Estrilda astrild Ghana
Estrilda caerulescens Ghana
Estrilda melpoda Ghana
Estrilda troglodytes Ghana
Lagonosticta rara Ghana
Lagonosticta rubricata Ghana
Lagonosticta rufopicta Ghana
Lagonosticta senegala Ghana
Lagonosticta vinacea =470 Ghana
Lonchura bicolor =471 Ghana
Lonchura cantans =472 Ghana
Lonchura cucullata =471 Ghana
Lonchura fringilloides =471 Ghana
Mandingoa nitidula =473 Ghana
Nesocharis capistrata Ghana
Nigrita bicolor Ghana
Nigrita canicapilla Ghana
Nigrita fusconota Ghana
Nigrita luteifrons Ghana
Ortygospiza atricollis Ghana
Parmoptila rubrifrons =474 Ghana
Pholidornis rushiae Ghana
Pyrenestes ostrinus =475 Ghana
Pytilia hypogrammica Ghana
Pytilia phoenicoptera Ghana
Spermophaga haematina Ghana
Uraeginthus bengalus =476 Ghana
Ploceidae Amblyospiza albifrons Ghana
Anaplectes rubriceps =477 Ghana
Anomalospiza imberbis Ghana
Bubalornis albirostris Ghana
Euplectes afer Ghana
Euplectes ardens =478 Ghana
Euplectes franciscanus =479 Ghana
Euplectes hordeaceus Ghana
Euplectes macrourus =480 Ghana
Malimbus cassini Ghana
Malimbus malimbicus Ghana
Malimbus nitens Ghana
Malimbus rubricollis Ghana
Malimbus scutatus Ghana
Pachyphantes superciliosus =481 Ghana
Passer griseus Ghana
Petronia dentata Ghana
Plocepasser superciliosus Ghana
Ploceus albinucha Ghana
Ploceus aurantius Ghana
Ploceus cucullatus =482 Ghana
Ploceus heuglini Ghana
Ploceus luteolus =483 Ghana
Ploceus melanocephalus =484 Ghana
Ploceus nigerrimus Ghana
Ploceus nigricollis Ghana
Ploceus pelzelni Ghana
Ploceus preussi Ghana
Ploceus tricolor Ghana
Ploceus vitellinus =485 Ghana
Quelea erythrops Ghana
Sporopipes frontalis Ghana
Vidua chalybeata =486 Ghana
Vidua interjecta Ghana
Vidua larvaticola Ghana
Vidua macroura Ghana
Vidua orientalis =487 Ghana
Vidua raricola Ghana
Vidua togoensis Ghana
Vidua wilsoni Ghana
Sturnidae Gracula religiosa Thailand
REPTILIA
TESTUDINATA
Trionychidae Trionyx triunguis Ghana
Pelomedusidae Pelomedusa subrufa Ghana
Pelusios adansonii Ghana
Pelusios castaneus Ghana
Pelusios gabonensis =488 Ghana
Pelusios niger Ghana
SERPENTES
Colubridae Atretium schistosum India
Cerberus rhynchops India
Xenochrophis piscator =489 India
Elapidae Micrurus diastema Honduras
Micrurus nigrocinctus Honduras
Viperidae Agkistrodon bilineatus Honduras
Bothrops asper Honduras
Bothrops nasutus Honduras
Bothrops nummifer Honduras
Bothrops ophryomegas Honduras
Bothrops schlegelii Honduras
Crotalus durissus Honduras
Vipera russellii India
F L O R A
GNETACEAE Gnetum montanum #1 Nepal
MAGNOLIACEAE Talauma hodgsonii #1 Nepal
MELIACEAE Swietenia macrophylla +218 #5 Costa Rica
PAPAVERACEAE Meconopsis regia #1 Nepal
PODOCARPACEAE Podocarpus neriifolius #1 Nepal
TETRACENTRACEAE Tetracentron sinense #1 Nepal
*****
The paragraphs in square brackets are an amendment to the Convention
which was adopted at an extraordinary meeting of the Conference of
the Parties in Gaborone (Botswana) on 30 April 1983. The amendment
is not yet in force. It will enter into force when it has been
formally accepted by 54 of the 80 States which were Parties to the
Convention on that date. By February 1997 it had been accepted by 33
of those States.
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna
and Flora
16
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